The Journal of Phytopharmacology 2025; 14(5):357-361 ; DOI:10.31254/phyto.2025.14509
Phytochemical profiling, GC-MS analysis and vitamin C estimation in Emblica officinalis fruit
K. Sowmya1 , K. Gopal1 , P. Balachandran1 , P. Sankar2
1. Department of Veterinary Pathology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, (Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai), Namakkal- 637002, Tamil Nadu, India
2. Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, (Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai), Namakkal- 637002, Tamil Nadu, India
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Received: 17th July, 2025 / Accepted: 3rd October, 2025 / Published : 30th November, 2025
Background: Over the past decade, herbal feed additives have gained attention from scientists as valuable resources for enhancing the health of humans and animals. Among these herbs, Emblica officinalis is one of the most effective and readily available herbal feed supplements in India. It is well-known for its numerous therapeutic properties due to its high vitamin C content and the presence of certain phytochemicals. Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the phytochemical composition of E. officinalis through qualitative, quantitative and GC-MS analyses and to estimate the vitamin C content. Materials and Methods: In the present study, E. officinalis fruits were chopped, shade-dried, powdered and subjected to alcohol maceration technique. The qualitative and quantitative phytochemical analysis of the extract was performed to identify specific phytoconstituents such as carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, glycosides, phytosterols, saponins and proteins. Additionally, GC-MS analysis of the extract was conducted to identify bioactive compounds based on retention time. Vitamin C content of fruit powder was estimated by the iodometric titration method. Results: Qualitative analysis confirmed the presence of various phytochemicals including carbohydrates, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, terpenoids, phytosterols and saponins. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of eleven major compounds. Vitamin C estimation showed comparable results in both sun-dried and shade-dried E. officinalis powder. Conclusion: The study demonstrates the diverse bioactive compounds and rich vitamin C content in E. officinalis. These findings support its traditional use and provide a scientific basis for its application in improving antioxidant defence and mitigating oxidative stress.
E. officinalis, Phytochemicals, Vitamin C, GC-MS analysis
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Sowmya K, Gopal K, Balachandran P, Sankar P. Phytochemical profiling, GC-MS analysis and vitamin C estimation in Emblica officinalis fruit. J Phytopharmacol 2025; 14(5):357-361. doi: 10.31254/phyto.2025.14509
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